![]() ![]() Type 2, on the other hand, is mainly due to the ineffective use of insulin caused by the insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity decreasing in patients. Deficient secretion of insulin in the pancreas leads to diabetes type 1. Diabetes is divided into two categories: type 1 and type 2. It is mainly caused by genetic factors, immune disorders and other factors on the human body, leading to islet function decline and insulin resistance, etc., resulting in imbalance of glucose level in the body, which is manifested as failure of glucose metabolism and hyperglycemia. With the rapid development of wearable technology and transdermal biosensors, non-invasive blood glucose monitoring will become more efficient, affordable, robust, and more competitive on the market.ĭiabetes is one of the most common lifelong chronic diseases in human beings. In addition, the current research achievements and limitations of non-invasive electrochemical glucose sensing systems in continuous monitoring, point-of-care and clinical settings are highlighted, so as to discuss the development tendency in future research. The advantages and limitations of non-invasive and invasive technologies as well as electrochemistry and optics in non-invasives are compared horizontally in this paper. The technology covers medical, materials, optics, electromagnetic wave, chemistry, biology, computational science and other related fields. This paper reviews the research progress and major challenges of non-invasive blood glucose detection technology in recent years, and divides it into three categories: optics, microwave and electrochemistry, based on the detection principle. Non-invasive blood glucose monitoring technology has become an international research topic and a new method which could bring relief to a vast number of patients. ![]() In recent years, with the rise of global diabetes, a growing number of subjects are suffering from pain and infections caused by the invasive nature of mainstream commercial glucose meters. ![]()
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